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Tonga’s 2022 ‘Ultra’ Eruption Rewrote the Rules for Tsunamis. Now We Know Why

Rare sonar mapping—conducted before and after an undersea volcano erupted off the coast of Tonga in 2022—has uncovered the unique reasons for its deadly tsunami.

Tarun Mottlia

Via Gizmodo

·Excerpt
Tonga’s 2022 ‘Ultra’ Eruption Rewrote the Rules for Tsunamis. Now We Know Why
Image: Satellite imagery taken by Cooperative Institute for Research in the Atmosphere (CIRA) in Colorado captured Tonga’s undersea volcanic eruption in 2022. Credit: NOAA / CIRA RAMMB

Every single house on Mango Island was swept away by the tsunami that radiated out when the submarine volcano Hunga-Tonga Hunga-Ha’apai exploded off the coast of Tonga in 2022. Only two buildings survived on nearby Fonoifua Island. Seven people were killed, and at least 19 more were injured—with many cries for help lost as the eruption’s undersea avalanche severed telecommunications cables. It was reportedly the largest and highest tsunami ever documented from an undersea volcanic blast.

The event was so…

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